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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 75(6): 355-361, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577444

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El cáncer de cuello uterino es una enfermedad prevalente en Chile y es una de las localizaciones tumorales más frecuentes tratadas en el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer. Es habitual recibir pacientes jóvenes con tumores avanzados, en etapas IIB y IIIB, con riesgo elevado de compromiso ganglionar, tanto pelviano como lumboaórtico y donde el tratamiento estándar es la radio-quimioterapia. Objetivos: Determinar si la irradiación lumboaórtica reduce el riesgo de recidiva y/o mejora la sobrevida en pacientes con compromiso ganglionar evidente y en aquellos con alto riesgo de compromiso a dicho nivel. Método: Revisión exhaustiva de la literatura publicada sobre la indicación de radioterapia lumboaórtica en el cáncer cérvico uterino, en pacientes con enfermedad evidente en los ganglios lumboaórticos y en aquellas en que la indicación es en casos de alto riesgo de compromiso en dicho nivel. Resultados: En pacientes con tumores cervicales de pequeño tamaño y con ganglios pelvianos positivos, sería beneficioso el tratamiento ganglionar lumboaórtico. Sin embargo, en aquellas pacientes con enfermedad pelviana masiva (IIIB)o en aquellas en que existe evidencia de enfermedad lumboaórtica, dicho beneficio no sería tan importante. Conclusión: Son las pacientes con enfermedad pelviana controlable y con elevado riesgo de tener compromiso ganglionar lumboaórtico (etapa IA-B, IIA-B con ganglios positivos en la pelvis), las que más se benefician de la radioterapia lumboaórtica.


Background: Uterine cancer is a prevalent disease in Chile and it is one of the most frequent cancer locations treated in the National Chilean Cancer Institute. It is also common to receive young patients that have advanced tumors in stages IIB and IIIB with high risks of compromises of lymphatic nodes of pelvis and aortic-lumbar zones. The treatment for these kinds of cancers is radio-chemotherapy. Aims: Determinate if the radiotherapy of aortic-lumbar lymph nodes lowers the chance of relapsing or increase the survival rate in patients with evident compromise of aortic-lumbar lymph nodes and in those with high risk of compromise in that level. Method: Exhaustive analysis of the literature about the indication of radiotherapy of aortic-lumbar lymph nodes in cervix cancer which is classified in those where the radiotherapy treatment is done in patients with evident compromise of aortic-lumbar lymph-nodes, and those where de radiotherapy is done in patients with high risk of compromise in that level. Results: In patients with small cervix tumors and positive lymphoid nodes the LA lymphatic nodes treatment would be beneficial. However, patients that suffer massive pelvic disease (IIIB) or that have evidence of the disease, the benefit would not be so important. Conclusion: Patients with controllable pelvic disease and with high risk of having aortic-lumbar lymph nodes compromise are the most benefit of radiotherapy in aortic-lumbar lymph nodes (stages IA-B, IIA-B with positive lymph nodes).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Lymphatic Irradiation , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Abdomen , Lymphatic Metastasis , Lymph Nodes/radiation effects , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Recurrence/prevention & control , Survival Analysis
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 75(1): 9-16, 2010. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-561828

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El cáncer de cérvicouterino continúa siendo una enfermedad prevalente en Chile. Es frecuente recibir pacientes en etapas IIB y IIIB donde el riesgo de compromiso ganglionar pelviano y lumbo-aórtico es elevado y el tratamiento es radioquimioterapia. Objetivo: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes con cáncer cérvicouterino que recibieron radioterapia que incluía los territorios lumboaórticos. Método: Revisión de pacientes con cáncer cérvicouterino tratadas entre 1995 y 2007 en el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, Santiago, Chile. En 39 pacientes el tratamiento incluyó las cadenas lumboaórticas. Se analizó toxicidad y evolución. Se utilizaron dos técnicas de radioterapia: la primera durante la década del 90, donde se empleaban dos campos paralelos y opuestos (anterior y posterior) y una segunda actual, donde se irradian en conjunto la pelvis y los lumboaórticos a través de 4 campos (laterales y AP-PA). Resultados: El análisis dosimétrico de las dos técnicas confirma un mayor volumen irradiado de tejidos normales con la técnica de dos campos, fundamentalmente intestino delgado. La toxicidad fue significativamente diferente, siendo la que utilizamos hoy menos tóxica y con bajas complicaciones gastrointestinales, a pesar de recibir un tratamiento de radio-quimioterapia concomitante (55 por ciento vs 0 por ciento). Conclusión: La radioterapia lumboaórtica es un tratamiento con una tolerancia aceptable incluso con quimioterapia concomitante. Esta revisión nos obliga a elaborar un nuevo trabajo para evaluar si la radioterapia lumboaórtica reduce el riesgo de recidiva y aumenta la sobrevida.


Background: Uterine cancer is still a prevalent disease in Chile. Is common to treat patients with tumors in stages IIB and IIIB where the risk of pelvic and paraortic limph node involvement is very high. Its treatment is radio-chemotherapy. Objective: To present a retrospective analysis of patients that suffered cervix-uterine cancer who were treated with radiotherapy including the aortic-lumbar area. Methods: From the revision of patients who were treated of cervix-uterine cancer between the years 1995 and 2007, 39 were treated including aortic-lumbar chains. Evolution and toxicity were analyzed. Two radiotherapy techniques were used. The first one, during the nineties, included two parallel previous and later and opposed fields, and a second technique, currently used, where pelvis and paraortic are radiated at the same time through four lateral (AP-PA) fields. Results: The dosimeter analysis of both techniques shows that there is a higher volume of radiated normal tissue with the two fields techniques, mainly in the small bowel. On the other hand, the toxicity was significantly different being today's technique less toxic and showing low gastrointestinal side effects, despite receiving a simultaneous radio-chemotherapy (55 percent vs 0 percent). Conclusion: The paraortic radiotherapy treatment has an acceptable level of tolerance even under simultaneous radio-chemotherapy. Given the results of this study, we see the need for undergoing a new research project in order to evaluate if the aortic-lumbar radiotherapy may reduce the risk of relapse and increase in survival rate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Lymphatic Metastasis/prevention & control , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy/methods , Combined Modality Therapy , Genitalia, Female/radiation effects , Lymphatic Metastasis/radiotherapy , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Radiation Tolerance , Radiotherapy Dosage , Retrospective Studies , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Urinary Tract/radiation effects , Gastrointestinal Tract/radiation effects
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